Glass working machine



Sept. 3, 1935. B. T. HEADLEY- El AL GLASS WORKING MACHINE 1sSheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 3, 1928 lNVENTORs f l I P 1935- B. T. HEADLEYET AL 2,013,463

GLASS WORKING MACHINE Filed May 5, 1928 l3 ShetsSheet 2 P 1935- B. T.HEADLEY ET AL 2,013,463

GLASS WORKING MACHINE Filed May s, 1928 13 Sheets-Shet 3 I Sept. 3,1935. A Y ET AL 2,013,463

GLASS WORKING MACHINE I Filed May 5, 1928 l3 Sheets-Sheet 4 Spt. 3,1935. B T HEADLEY r AL 2,013,463

GLASS WORKING MACHINE Filed May 3, 1928 13 Sheets-Sheet f 15. F" .5?

Sept. 3, 1935- B T, HEADLEY ET AL r I 2,013,463

GLASS WORKING MACHINE Filed May 3 1928 13 Sheets-Sheet 6 48 v ,INVENTORSP 1935. B. T. HEADLEY ET AL 2,013,463

GLASS WORKING MACHINE Filed May 3, 1928 13 Sheets-Sheet 7 Sept. '3,1935- -1 ET AL 2,013,463

GLASS WORKING MACHINE Sept. 3, 1935. B. T-, HEADLEY ET AL 2,013,463

GLASS WORKING MACHINE Filed May r, 1928 1:5 Sheets-Shet 9 Sept. 3, 1935.

Filed May 3, 1928 15 SheetsSheet 1o f) mu l mvENToRs.

P 1935- 'B. T. HEAEQJLEYV AL 2,013,463

GLASS WORKING MACHINE Filed May 5, 1928 15 SheetS-She et 11 Hum p 1935-B. T. HEADLEY ET AL 2,013,463

GLASS WORKING MACHINE Filed May 3, 1928 15 Sheets-Sheet 12 P B. r.HEADLEY El AL 7 2,013,463

GLASS WORKING MACHINE Filed May 3, 1928 15 Sheets-Sheet l5 O O OPatented Sept. 3, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE GLASS WORKING MACHINEApplication May 3,1928, Serial No. 274,704

6 Claims.

The present invention relates broadly to the art of glassware making,and more particularly to a machine adapted for the production ofsocalled narrow neck ware although the utility of the invention is notlimited with respect to the particular articles manufactured thereon.

Experience has shown that the most desirable results in the manufactureof narrow neck ware are obtained in a machine having suitable pro- 10vision for effecting a packing of the charge to form the proper finishon the neck end thereof, in combination with means for preliminarilyexpanding the packed charge preferably in a confined cavity to produce aparison of invariable outside dimensions ready for transfer to a blowmold.

The present invention contemplates a machine, automatic in itsoperation, and of such construction as to accomplish the preliminarypacking operation by the establishment of a differential fluid pressurein the opposite ends of the mold, preferably by the application of air'under pressure to one end thereof. 4

It also contemplates the preliminary blowing of the packed charge tosubstantially hollow form by the use of air in sufficient volume andpressure, the expanding being accomplished whilethe parison is enclosedwithin confining walls whereby definite outside dimensions in theparison irrespective of possible variations in the size of the gathersis insured.

The invention further contemplates the charging of a mold while ininverted position, together with the automatic inversion of the mold ata time preferably subsequent to the packing of the charge and prior tothe transfer to the blow mold and the blowing to hollow form therein. Ithas been found that where one of the blows occurs with the mold in oneposition and another blow with the mold in the opposite position, thereis obtained a strong shoulder, together with a uniform distribution ofthe glass and a strong bottom.

The invention'further contemplates the performance of all of theforegoing operations in predetermined timed relation to each other, thetiming of any one of the operations with respect to another operationbeing capable of mechanical adjustment as may be found desirable withware of diiierent shapes, sizes, or weights, or with glass of differentcharacteristics or quality.

It has heretofore been customary in the production of narrow neck wareto carry on the forming operations in a machine which is either continuously 'or intermittently rotatable. It has been found that therotation of the parts tends to swing the parisons out of a. true centralposition with respect to the molds, thereby resulting in finished warein which the glass distribution is not as uniform as might be desired.

In accordance with the present invention all of the forming operationsare carried on under such conditions that swinging movements of thischaracter are not encountered.

The present invention also aims to provide a 10 machine having a maximumproduction as compared to intermittently rotating machines, in that thetime required for successive table movements and ordinarily lost insofaras any forming operations are concerned, is saved, and the en- 15 tiretime during which the machine is in use rendered available for thecarrying on of a desired function. r In the accompanying drawings, thereare shown four complete units, each embodying a 20 blank or parison moldand a cooperating blow .or finishing mold, together with the necessaryformative elements forthe production of finished ware. The presentinvention lends itself, however, to any desired number of complete units25 and to various locations thereof. The preferred location, however,involves the positioning thereof at a distance from a charging pointsuch that a single mechanism may successively deliver the gathers to themolds of all of the units. Such an 30 arrangement is particularlydesirable in connection with the machine feeding of glass, it beingpossible to operate a feeder at a speed greater than the possible speedof operation'of the average forming machine. With an arrangement of 5the character indicated, the machine feeder may be operated at maximumefiiciency, and the bottle forming and formative elements of each unitmay likewise be operated to the best advantage.

In the accompanying drawings, we have shown 49 for purposes ofillustration only, certain preferred embodiments of our invention, itbeing understood that the drawings do not define the limits of ourinvention as changes in the construction, number, and arrangement of thediifer- 45 v ent parts may be made without departing either from thespirit of the invention or the scope of our broader claims.

the unit shown in Figure 1, the view being taken looking toward the unitfrom that portion adjacent the top of the sheet in Figure 1, andomitting, for sake of clearness, certain parts on the side opposite thatfrom which the view is taken;

Figure 3 is a detail sectional view, on an enlarged scale, partly brokenaway and partly in elevation, illustrating a parison mold, neck mold,and primary or packing blow-head, together with the operating meanstherefor;

Figure 3 is a top plan view of a portion of the mechanism illustrated inFigure 3;

Figure 3 is a detail sectional view illustrating a portion of the blankmold inverting mechanism;

Figure 4 is a sectional diagrammatic view showing the parts in positionduring the primary blowing or packing operation;

Figure 4 is a detail sectional view ofiset with respect to Figure 4, andillustrating the raising and lowering mechanism for the pouring guidebracket;

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure'4 showing the relative positions ofthe bottle forming and formative elements during the secondary or blowback operation by means of which the expanding of the parison to hollowform is accomplished;

' Figure 6 is a detail sectional view illustrating the mounting andconstruction of the final blowhead by means of which the expandedparison is blown to hollow form, together with the operating connectionsfor such blow-head; v

Figure 7 is a detail sectional view, with certain of the parts inelevation, for the purpose of illus- Figure 9 is a detail sectional viewthrough one of the controlling valves;

Figure 9' is a vertical sectional view through one of the check valvesprovided for each of the cylinders;

Figures 9 9 9 9 9 9, and 9 are diagrammatical elevational views showingrespectively the position of the parts during the charging of a parisonmold; the position of the parts during the packing operation; theposition of the parts after inversion of the parison mold and prior tothe secondary or blow back operation; the position of the parts duringthe secondary or blow back operation; the advancement of a blow moldinto position to receive an expanded parison; the retracted position ofthe blow mold with the final blowing means in cooperative relationtherewith; and lastly, the position of the parts to permit the removalof a finished piece of ware;

Figure 10 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the relative cooperationof a feeding means and a plurality of units of the character referredto;

Figure 11 is a side elevational view, showing diagrammatically one ofthe feeding means in 00- operative relation to a feeder and a blankmold;

Figure 12 is a diagram showing the relationship of the various parts ofthe driving mechanism;

Figure 13 is a view partly in section and partly in top plan,illustrating the operating means for the interceptor;

Figure 14 is a vertical sectional view on the line X1 VXIV of Figure 13,looking in the direction of the arrows; and

Figure 15 is a side elevational view of the mechutilized and the size ofthe ware being produced.

. In view of the various operations which are simultaneously occurringin a machine constructed in accordance with our invention, it isbelieved that the description will be expedited by considering the samein connection with a single unit, it being understood that theconstruction and cycle of operations of each of the units is the same.

For facilitating a consideration of the present invention, the operationof one of these units will be considered in accordance with thedifferent operations constituting a complete cycle, it being possible inthis manner to more effectively trace the movement and function of thevarious parts. With this in mind, a complete cycle will be considered asstarting with the parts in a position to receive a charge of glass, andthe operations of the machine in this connection will be consideredunder the heading of Charging and packmg.

After a charge of glass has been packed in a blank mold, it is desirableto expand this charge into hollow form by the application of air underpressure thereto, and the steps of the machine incident to obtainingthese results will be considered under the heading of Parison expandmg.

After the parison has been expanded in the blank mold, it is ready fortransfer to a blow mold wherein it may be blown to hollow form, and theoperations incident to effecting a transfer will be taken up under sucha heading. The transfer to the blow mold of a partially blown orexpanded parison is followed by the blowing thereof to final form, andthe machine operations incident to obtaining the final blow will beconsidered under such a characterization.

The final blow having been completed, it is in order to effect theremoval of the finished piece of ware, such, removal necessitating anoperation of the blow mold such as to permit the ware to be takentherefrom. The part of the machine and the machine operations incidentto this removal will be considered in sequence under such a headmg.

Lastly, there must be a return movement of the parts into a positionready for the reception of another charge. Regardless of the fact thatsuch a return movement may occur concomitantly with certain of theoperations hereinbefore referred to and in advance, in point of time, ofsome of the operations, recited, it will be taken up as a completeoperation and descriptively correlated with respect to point of time tothe other operations.

Charging and packing In Figure 1 of the drawings, there is indicatedhalf of a complete machine with respect to base plate construction, thehalf of the base plate indicated being adapted for the reception of twocomplete units. In this-figure, one of the units is indicated, theconstruction of the base being shown for the reception of acorresponding unit.

In Figures 1, 2 and 9 the parts are shown in the position which theyoccupy during the charging of the blank mold; and in Figures 4 and 9they are illustrated in the position which they occupy during thepacking blow.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the table B has a pad 2 forthe reception of a pedestal 3, on which is mounted a blank moldopening-and-closing cylinder 4. Mounted for movement within thiscylinder is a piston 5, having a piston rod 6 projecting therefrom.

Adjacent the pad 2 are pads I and 8 upon which the mounted pedestals 9and ID, as clearly shown in Figure 3, cored out in their upper portionsto receive an elongated hollow trunnion l l.

The pedestals 9 and ID are also placed to receive therebetween a gearl2, which is keyed to the trunnion for effecting rotation thereof. Theleft hand end of the trunnion I l, as viewed in Figure 3 of thedrawings, is bifurcated to provide bearing arms M for the reception of ahinge pin l5 which carries the blank mold sections b of the blank mold.The blank mold sections are opened and closed by means of the piston 5,through the medium of a yoke l6, embracing a flange IT, on cross-headsleeve l8. The sleeve l8 extends axially through the trunnion II and hassecured thereto a cross-head I9 carrying toggle pins 20 with whichcooperate toggle links 2| for swinging the blank mold sections about thehinge pin l5 into open position when the piston 5 moves to the right, asviewed in Figure 3, and for swinging the sections in the oppositedirection into closed position when the piston moves to the left, asviewed in this figure.

Also carried by the trunnion l l is a pair of neck ring sections nadapted to swing about the hinge pin l5 during movement to open andclosed positions. This movement is accomplished by the provision oftoggle bolts 22, toggle links 23, slide 24, and spool 25. The spool 25is carried by a piston rod 26, actuated by a piston 21, in a neck ringoperating cylinder 28, carried by the pedestal III.

For inverting the trunnion l I, the blank mold, and the neck mold,through the medium of the gear l2, there is provided mechanism as shownin detail in Figures 3 and 8 This mechanism comprises an invertingcylinder 29 having a piston 30 therein, the piston rod 3| of which has apivotal connection 32 with a rack bar 33. The rack bar is mounted in aguide 34 in such manner as to be maintained at all times in cooperativerelation with the gear l2.

Extending through the table B at points disposed laterally of themechanism just described,

are indexing columns 35 and 35', illustrated, re-

spectively, in detail in Figures 4 and 5. Each of the indexing columnsis of a construction generally similar to that of the other with respectto mounting, operation and function. As illustrated in Figure 2, eachindexing column iscarried by the base B, on suitable thrust bearings 36,only one of which is shown. The base B also serves to support the tableB in any desired manner, as, for example, by standards 31.

Carried by the indexing column 35 below the table B is a neck pincylinder bracket 38, supporting a neck pin cylinder 39, having a piston40 therein, from which projects piston rod 4|. At its upper end, thepiston rod 4] has operatively secured thereto, in any desired manner, aneck forming pin or plunger 42, held against rotation by means of aguide pin 43, in the bracket 38.

Carried by the indexing column 35, above the table B, is a funnel orpouring guide bracket 44, carrying a funnel or pouring guide 45 in itsouter end. The bracket 44 is axially movable along the indexing column35, and for this reason is provided with a bushing 46, cooperating withthe indexing column andvitli a laterally extending projection 41. Thisprojection cooperates with a piston rod 48, Figure 4 carried by a piston49, in a pouring guide raising-and-lowering cylinder 50, firmly securedto the indexing column against axial movement.

At a point slightly above the table B, the' indexing column is formedwith a shoulder 5 I, on which is supported an indexing segment 52,cooperating with an indexing rack 53, slidable in a bracket 54. (SeeFigures 1 and 5). The indexing rack constitutes an extension of a pistonrod secured to a piston (not shown) in the indexing cylinder 56. Theindexing cylinder for each unit is mounted on pads 51, on the table.

With a blank mold in neck end down or inverted position, as indicateddiagrammatically in Figure 9 and with the pouring guide 45 incooperative relation to its open bottom end, and the neck pin assembly42 in cooperative relation to its neck end, the mold is ready to receivea charge of glass. Such a charge may be supplied by hand, or by anautomatic feeder and chute mechanism, as indicated in Figures 10 and 11.As

shown in these figures, there is indicated a feeder 58, adapted todeliver gathers along the axis AA. Cooperating with the feeder are shearblades 59 for severing the glass into charges. The line AA intersectsthe trough-shaped intercepter 60, mounted for rotation for cooperationwith chutes 6|, 62, 63 and 64, as indicated diagrammatically in Figure10. In this figure the intercepter 69 is shown in full lines incooperative relation with the chute 62. Each of the chutes preferablycomprises a series of sections supported in any desired manner, onesection of which is movable to dotted line position, as indicated inFigure 11, for discharging the gathers to a waste glass trough 65,whereby any unit at will may have the service of glass thereto suspendedat any time without interfering with the service of glass to the otherunits.

After the glass charge has been delivered to the blank mold, it isdesirable to pack the same firmly around the neck pin to thereby producea wellfinished strong neck on the ware. This is accomplished through themedium of fluid pressure applied to the upper end of the charge of glassby means of a packing blow-head 66, shown in detail in Figure 3 of thedrawings. This packing blow-head is carried by a rack 61, mounted in aguide 68 in abracket 69. This bracket extends substantially parallel tothe table and is supported by posts Illprojecting upwardly from thetable B in substantially parallel relation to the indexing column 35,but ofiset laterally with respect thereto. This bracket comprises spacedarms, each having a stop shoulder II thereon for cooperation withtheguide 68. Mounted in the guide for cooperation with the rack bar 6'!is-a pinion 12 which cooperates with a rack bar 13 secured to piston I4in a. packing blow-head operating cylinder 15. This cylinder, togetherwith the mechanism just described, may be adjusted to different verticalpositions by means of an adjusting screw 16.

During the charging operation, the packing blow-head 66 and itscooperating parts occupy a position as indicated in Figure 9 of thedrawings. In proper timed relation to the charging ofthe blank mold, apacking control valve 11 is acing cylinder 15, as viewed in Figure 3 ofthe drawings.

At the same time, the line 82, connecting with the opposite end of thecylinder, is opened to exhaust through the valve 11, whereby the piston14 is caused to travel outwardly to the left and effect movement in thesame direction of the guide 68 to the extent permitted by the stopshoulders 1|. At this time, further movement of the guide beingprevented, the rack 13 will effect rotation in a counter-clockwisedirection of the gear 12 and thereby lower the rack 61 and blowhead 66into cooperative relation to the upper end of the pouring guide 45, asindicated in Figure 4 of the drawings.

The packing blow-head is of any well-known construction, adapted to beunseated by contact with the upper surface of the pouring guide topermit air under pressure to pass from the chamber 83 therein throughthe openings 84, into the upper end of the mold, the chamber 83 beingnormally connected to a source of air under pressure through a suitableconnection 84. This air, delivered to the upper end of the blank mold,will create differential pressure conditions in opposite ends of themold, effective for compacting the glass around the neck forming pin. Itwill be understood that the rack 61 may be provided with any desiredform of shock absorbing spring 86,

-which spring is also effective at the conclusion of the blow forassisting in the return movement of the parts. The spring also tends toresist downward movement of the rack 61 during such times as the piston14 is moving to the left, as viewed in Figure 3, thereby insuring asufficient travel of the guide 68 to bring it into engagement with thestops II before the rack starts its downward movement.

In like manner, at the conclusion of the packing blow, the influence ofthe spring insures a movement of the packing blow-head upwardly prior tothe time that the guide 68 starts on its return movement.

The packing blow continues for a length of time determined by thesetting of the cam 18, and in predetermined timed relation to itscommencement, this cam operates the valve 11 to connect the line 82 toair under pressure and the line M to exhaust, whereby the packingblow-head is moved to its inoperative position of Figure 9 At this timethe pouring guide 45 is raised by I the piston 49, and the neck pinassembly is lowered by the piston 49. These operations are controlled bya pouring guide and neck pin operating valve 83, operated by a cam 84.This valve is effective for delivering air under pressure through theline 85 and its branches, to the lower end of the pouring guide cylinder59, and to the upper end of the neck pin cylinder 39. The air to thelower end of the pouring guide cylinder 59 raises the piston 49 thereinto clear the pouring guide from the bottom of the mold, while the air tothe upper end of the neck pin cylinder 39 lowers the piston rod 41 andits associated parts to withdraw the neck pin or plunger from the neckend of the blank mold.

Parison expanding The charge of glass having been compacted in theparison mold, and the proper neck finish having been obtained, thecharge is ready for the expanding blow, by means of which the formedparison is produced.

The desired operations in the above respect are controlled by theoperation of an indexing, in-

verting and final blow controlling valve 81 operated by a cam 88. Thisvalve, when operated by its cam, causes air under pressure to passthrough the line 89 and branch' 89 to the left hand end of the indexingcylinder 56, as viewed in Figure 1, and to the right hand end of theindexing cylinder as viewed in Figures 2 and 8. This air causes theindexing column 35to rotate in a clockwise direction, as viewed inFigure 1, thereby moving the brackets 38 and 44 out of cooperativerelation with the charged blank mold. At this same time, air underpressure passes from the branchv 89 into the branch 99*, leading to theright hand end of the indexing cylinder 56, as illustrated in Figure 1,and to the left hand end as illustrated in Figure 8. This produces such2.

movement of the indexing rack bar 53' as to effect rotation of theindexing column 35' in a clockwise direction, thereby moving the partsinto the position illustrated in Figure 5, with the bottom closure andexpending blow-head in alignment with the charged blank mold. Air underpressure at this time also passes to the upper end of the blank moldinverting cylinder 29, causing it to descend and move the parison moldto upright position, such position being illustrated in Figures 5 and 9of the drawings. This movement of the indexing pistons and of theinverting piston is permitted for the reason that the opposite ends ofeach of the cylinders in which these pistons move are open to exhaustthrough the line 99 and its branches 99 and 99 i With the mold inupright position, the parts are ready for the expanding blow. This isaccomplishcd through the medium of an expanding blow-head 9 I, similarin construction to the packing blow-head 66, and carried by piston rod92 secured to piston-93 operative within the expanding blow-headcylinder 94. This cylinder is operated by a bracket 95 secured to theindexing column 35 and rotatable therewith.

Below the table B the indexing colunm 35' carries a bracket 96,providing a closure operating cylinder 91, within which works a piston98, the piston rod 9901' which carries a bottom closure I99. The closureis prevented from rotative movement during raising and lowering thereofbyguides I9I projecting upwardly from the bracket 96. The brackets 95and 96 are adjusted on the indexing column 35' in such manner that theaxes of the cylinders 94 and 91 are at all times in alignment. Therotation of the indexing column 35' in the manner before describedbrings the expanding blow-head and the closure into cooperative relationwith the mold having the compacted charge therein.

Having arrived in this position, the valve I92 is operated by the camI93 to admit air under pressure to line I94, which is in communicationwith the upper end of the cylinder 94 and the lower end of the cylinder91, the opposite ends of these cylinders being in communication with theexhaust at this time through the line I95. This air under pressurelowers the blow-head 9! into cooperative relation, as shown in Figure 5,with the neck end of the blank mold, and brings the closure I99 intosuch position that it completely seals the bottom end of the blank mold.

As soon as the blow-head 9| engages the neck end of the blank mold, airis delivered through the neck end in suflicient quantity and amount forblowing the parison to hollow form;

It will be apparent that during this expanding operation the parison iscompletely confined, the lower end of the blank mold cavity being closedby the closure I 00, and the upper end being closed by the expandingblow-head. This expanding blow occurs in predetermined timed relation tothe charging of the blank, the inversion of the blank mold, and theapplication of the confining closure, and continues for a perioddetermined by the setting of the cam I03. At the conclusion of theexpanding blow, air under pressure passes through the line I05 to theopposite ends of the cylinders 94 and 91, thereby restoring theexpanding blowhead to its upper inoperative position, and the closureI00 to its lower inoperative position. During all of this time, airunder pressure has continued to pass to the indexing and invertingcylinders through the line 89 and its branches 89' and 89 Transfer ofparison The expanding blow of the parison having been completed, it isready for transfer to the blow mold wherein the final blowing will takeplace. In order to effect such a transfer, the blank mold must be openedto release the parison and leave it suspended by the neck mold, and theblow mold must be brought into a position to be closed around theparison.

This feature of opening a blank mold and closing a blow mold whilekeeping a parison suspended about a given axis has been found to beparticularly desirable in that the parison is permitted to hang true ina'manner not possible with a rotative machine in which the rotatingaction tions IIO similar to the bearing portions I4 on the trunnion IIfor the blank mold. Extending through these bearing portions is a hingepin II I onwhich the sections b'- of the blow mold are mounted foropening and closing movement. Such movement is obtained by means of ablow mold opening-and-closing cylinder II2, carried by the pedestal I06and having a piston 'I I3 with which cooperates a piston rod II4. Thispiston rod carries a mold opening finger 5 which cooperates with aroller II6 on a pin H1 in the crosshead H8. The crosshead II8 cooperateswith slide rods I I9, carried by the pedestal I06. As indicated inFigure 1 of the drawings, the crosshead II8 has laterally projectingportions, each of which cooperates with the mold sections b, through themedium of rods I 20 carrying the pressure springs IZI, whereby the blowmold sections are forced to closed position under a yielding pressure. 4

Mounted on the bottom of the pedestal I06 is a rack bar I22,1 meshingwith a pinion I23, which also cooperates with a rack bar I24. This rackbar constitutes an extension of a piston rod I25, secured to a pistonI26, operable within a pedestal moving cylinder I21.

Projecting upwardly from the table, and secured to a pad I28 thereon, isa bracket support I29, havrod I34, secured at its free end in ablow-head op-' erating cylinder I35. Also cooperating with the cylinderI is a guide rod I36, working through a suitable opening I31 on the wallof the cylinder I32, whereby the blow-head cylinder I35 is always causedto travel in a predetermined position. Mounted in this cylinder is apiston I38, having a hollow rod I39, extending therethrough and carryinga blow-head assembly I40, at its lower end.

Simultaneously with the admission of air under pressure to the line I04for positioning the bottom closure I00 and the expanding blow-head 9|,air under pressure passes through the branch line I04 to the right handend of the blow-mold opening-and-closing cylinder II2, as viewed inFigures 7 and 8, thereby moving the piston therein to the left andcausing the finger II5 to efiect an opening movement of the blow-mold.This movement of the blow mold opening piston is permitted by reason ofthe fact that at this time the line I4I is open to exhaust through aport I42 in a control valve I43. This control valve, shown in section inFigure 8 and in plan in Figure 1, is held in a position to permitexhaust therethrough by pressure delivered through the branch I04".

The blow mold sections thus being open, the mold is ready to commenceits travel into a position to receive the parison completed in the blankmold. In order to obtain this operation, the valve I44 is actuated bythe cam I45 to supply air un-' der pressure to the line I46 and thus tothe left hand end of the blank mold opening cylinder 4, as shown inFigures 3 and 8, to effect movement thereof to the right to open thesections 12 of the blank mold and leave the parison suspended in theneck ring sections 11.. At this same time, air under pressure passesthrough the branch line I46 to the right hand end of the pedestal movingor blow-mold indexing cylinder I21, as viewed in Figures 7 and 8. Thiscauses the piston I26 therein to travel to the left, rotating the gearI23 in a clockwise direction to eifect an indexing movement of thepedestal I06 to bring the blow-mold sections b into a position wherethey may be closed around the suspended parison. As the indexingmovement of the blow mold assembly is about completed, a projection I41thereon engages the stem I48 of the control valve I43, thereby moving itto the right, as viewed in Figure 8, to bring the annular port I49therein into registration with the pressure supply line I50. At thistime, air under pressure passes from the line I50 through the valve andline I4I to the left hand end of the blow mold closing cylinder II2,thereby moving the sections b' of the blow-mold to closed positionaround the parison.

As the blow mold assembly reaches its properly indexed position, anotherprojection I5I thereon engages a rocker valve I52 (Figures 7 and 8),

thereby rotating the valve in a counter-clockwise direction against theaction of a spring I53, into the full line position shown in Figure 7.At this time air under pressure passes through the line I50. and therocker valve to line I54 communieating with the-left hand end of theneck ring opening cylinder .28, as viewed in Figures 3 and 8. Thiscauses the piston 21 therein to move to the right, causing the spool 25to open the neck ring sections n, .so that the parison is completelysupported by the blow mold.

The movement of the blankmold piston 5 and of the blow mold indexingpiston I26, as previously described, in such manner as to open the blankmold sections and index the blow-mold assembly under the influence ofair pressure in the line I I46 and its branch I46, is permitted byhaving the opposite ends of the respective cylinders containing thesepistons open to exhaust at this time. This is accomplishedthrough aconnection I55 and its branch I55 controlled by the valve I44.

Final blow After the parison has been released from the neck mold, it isready for the final blowing, which is accomplished by means of the finalblowhead I40. In order to bring the blow-mold assembly into properposition to permit this final blow, it is necessary to restore suchassembly to the position indicated in dotted lines in Figure 6. Toaccomplish this, the cam I45 functions to cut off the flow of air to theline I46 and its branch I46, opening these lines to exhaust, andapplying pressure to the line I55 and its branch I55.

This causes the indexing rack I24 to move to the right, as viewed inFigure '7, thereby moving the pedestal I06 and its associated parts tothe left. After this movement, the cam 88 is in such position that thevalve 81 delivers air under pressure to the line and its branches 90"and 90". The branch 90" communicates with the upper end of the finalblow-head cylinder I35, thus causing the blow-head assembly I40 to belowered into blowing relation with the upper end of the blow-mold. Asthe blow-head assembly lowers, an annular port I56 on the hollow rod I39is brought into registration with a pipe I51, by means of which air forblowing purposes is delivered through the hollow rod to the blow-head.

The connection 90" communicates with the left hand end of the blow-headpositioning .cylinder I32, as viewed in Figure 8 (the right hand end asviewed in Figure 6), thereby causing the blow-head to move bodilyoutward into alignment with the blow-mold. The outward movement occurssubstantially simultaneously with the lowering movement, whereby theparts are quickly brought into position for the final blow. The lengthof this blow is determined by the construction of the cam 88, and isterminated by opening the line 90 to exhaust and the line 89 to airunder pressure. At this time, the air will pass to the branch 89" to thelower end of the cylinder I35 and to the right hand end, as viewed inFigure 8, of the cylinder I32, through the connection 89". Thus theblow-head will be restored to inoperative position.

I 3 Removal The removal of a finished piece of ware from the blow moldoccurs at the time when the blow mold sections are open preparatory totheir forward movement into a position to receive a blown parison. Thisposition of the parts is indicated diagrammatically in Figure 9 in whichthe finished article is shown resting on the bottom I09, ready to beengaged by any desired form of mechanical take-out mechanism I58.

Return movement At the same time that air under pressure is admittedthrough the line I55 to the blow-mold indexing cylinder I21 forefiecting movement thereof from the position indicated in Figure 9 intothe position indicated in Figure 9 for the final blowing operation, airunder pressure is relieved from the line I54 by the release of therocker valve I52, and is applied to the line I59 for effecting a closingmovement of the sections of the neck ring mold. At this same time airpasses through the line I55 into the blank mold closing cylinder 4 insuch manner to effect a closing movement of the blank mold sections.

When air is delivered through the line 90 to effect the final blowingoperation by means of the branches 90" and 90", it also passes to thelower end of the blank mold inverting cylinder 29 for restoring theblank mold to its inverted bottom end up position.

Air delivered through the line. 90 also passes by way of the branches90' and 90 into the right hand end of the indexing cylinder 56, asviewed in Figure 1, and the left hand end of the indexing cylinder 56',as illustrated in this same figure. The air delivered to the indexingcylinder 56 is effective for rotating the indexing column 35 in acounterclockwise direction, as viewed in this figure. This movementcarries the pouring guide bracket 44 and the neck pin plunger assemblybracket 38 into alignment with a blank mold, as indicated in Figures 1and 9 preparatory to the delivery of a fresh charge of glass thereto.This movement is permitted due to the fact that the air admitted to theindexing cylinder 56 efiects counter-clockwise rotation of the indexingcolumns 35, as viewed in Figure 1, thereby moving the blow-head cylinder94 and its associated parts carried by the bracket 95 as well as thebottom closure I00 and its associated parts carried by the bracket 96out ofcooperative relation to the blank mold and into the positionillustrated in Figure 1.

The air under pressure delivered through the branch 90 at this time iseffective through the column indexing cylinder 56 for rotating thecolumn 35 in a counter-clockwise direction, as viewed in Figure 1.Simultaneous movement of the indexing columns 35 and 35' carries theexpanding blow-head cylinder 94 and its associated parts carried by thebracket 95 out of alignment with the blank mold, and brings the brackets44 and 38 carrying the pouring guide and neck pin assemblies,respectively, into alignment with a blank mold, as indicated in Figures1 and 9 ready for a fresh charge of glass.

From the foregoing description, it will be apparent that many operationsare occurring simultaneously in each unit. The charging of the blankmold occurs first, followed by the application of the packing blow bythe packing blowhead 66. Upon termination of the packing blow, thereoccurs the column indexing movements, and inversion of the blank moldpreparatory to the expanding blow for the parison. rently with theindexing and inversion, a previously transferred parison is blown tofinal form in the blow mold. At the completion of the final blowingoperation the blank is expanded in the blank mold. Upon completion ofthe final blow, the blow mold is opened and the finished ware removedtherefrom. Upon completion of the removal, the blank mold is opened, theblow mold indexed into position and closed around the blank, the neckring opened, and the blow mold returned to its position for final blow.The in dexing movement of the blow mold into transferring positionoccurs concomitantly with the opening of the blank mold, and itsmovement out of such position occurs concomitantly with the closing ofthe blank mold preparatory to receiving a fresh charge. It will beunderstood that any one or all of the cylinders may be provided withadjustable stop means I60 whereby the stroke of the piston therein inone direction may be positively limited, and that by-pass check ValvesIBI may be placed in the various pipe lines Concuradjacent the cylindersin such manner that the exhaust therefrom will be cushioned to theextent desired.

One of these check valves I6I is illustrated in section in Figure 9', itbeing apparent from an inspection of this figure that a free flow of airis permitted in one direction while a restricted fiow only can occur inthe opposite direction depending upon the seating of the check valve.

The various valves 11, 83 81, I02 and I44 are of similar construction,one of these valves being illustrated in section in Figure 9. Asillustrated in this figure, the respective cams are adjustably mountedon the shaft 19 which is continuously driven. These cams cooperate withrocker arms I62 carrying adjustable contact screws I63. By reason of theconstruction of the cams and their mounting, any desired shape and anydesired time of operation with the required dwell is readily provided.The rocker arms comprise compound levers, one part of which isadjustable relatively to another through the adjustment I64. Inoperation, the adjustable screw I63 engages the stem of the valve I65and lifts it until the contracted portion I66 bridges ports I61 communicating with the pressure supply line and port I68 which communicateswith one of the,

lines I55, 90, I04, 86 or 8|, thereby allowing air under pressure topass to one of these lines. At this time the corresponding line I46, 89,I05, and 82 of each pair will be open to exhaust through the port I69around the contracted portion I10 to the port I1I. The continuous actionof the cam thereafter allows the valve stem to lower through the actionof a spring I12. When it reaches its lowermost position, the contractedportion, as shown in full line in this figure, bridges the ports I61 andI69, thereby applying air under pressure from the port I61 to the lineof each pair which was previously open to exhaust, and opens the otherline of each pair to exhaust through the port I 68 and the space abovethe valve to the port I13. I

The setting of the cams determines the timing of the various operationsand the duration of each of these operations, thereby insuring acondition in which the various operations take place in predeterminedtimed relation.

It will be apparent that one complete timing unit of this character maybe utilized for each section of the machine, the proper adjustment ofthe cams of each unit determining the proper sequence of operations inthe various machine sections.

In Figure 12 there is illustrated diagrammatically a layout foraccomplishing the desired results. In accordance with this layout, theremay be provided a main driving motor I14, having on its shaft a sprocketwheel I15, adapted to drive a similar wheel I 16 through a sprocketchain I11. Also carried by the motor shaft is a suitable coupling I18,preferably a so-called Francke coupling, for transmitting power to asuitable speed reduction box I19. This box has a shaft I89, driving thevarious timing units so as to maintain the same in proper timed relationone with the other. Also projecting from the speed reduction box is ashaft I8I which operates through a gear reduction I82 for driving a camI83. The cam I83 constitutes the driving means for obtaining the desiredmovement of the feeder chute orintercepter, and the sprocket I16constitutes the driving means for the shaft I84 of the feeder.

In Figure 13 we have illustrated a portion of this mechanism, partly intop plan and partly in section. The shaft I8I is shown extending fromthe speed reduction box I19 and operative through the reducing gear I82for rotating the cam I83.

In Figure 14, the cam I83 is shown in cooperative relation to a rollerI84, carried by a link I85, having a pivotal mounting I86. A spring I 81normally holds the roller I84 in contact with the periphery of the cam.The lower end of the lever I85 is connected loosely to a pin I88extending outwardly from a rack bar I89 horizontally slidable in a guidegroove I90. Under the influence of the cam I83, rotating in thedirection indicated by the arrow in Figure 14, the lever I85 will begradually moved to the right to thereby effect reciprocation of the rackbar I89. This rack bar meshes with a segmental gear I9I on the lower endof a shaft I92, the upper end of which carries the intercepter 60 ofFigures 10 and 11. The cam I83 is so shaped as to produce the desiredmovement of the intercepter to bring it successively into cooperativerelation with the troughs 6|, 82, 63 and 64, it being provided withdiiferent radius sectors I93, I94, I and I96 for this purpose.Intermediate the points I96 and I93, the cam undergoes an abrupt changeof radius to permit a quick return of the intercepter from a position inwhich it cooperates with the chute 64 to a position in which it willcooperate with the chute 6| Each of the numbered sectors onthe cam isformed to provide a sufiicient'dwell to cause the intercepter to remainin registration with one of the chutes a length of time to permit thedelivery thereto of a charge of glass.

Projecting from the side of the gear reduction extends, is the shaft I80for the timer, as shown in Figures 13 and 15, while in Figure 13 isshown the motor shaft through which the drive is efiected as indicateddiagrammatically in Figure 12.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the construction ofeach section or unit of a non-rotating machine of the character hereindisclosed comprises a blank or parison mold and a blow mold adapted toclose around a common axis to effect transfer, these molds at all timesexcept during the actual transferring operation being suflicientlyspaced from each other to permit any operating element cooperatingwitheither the blank mold or the blow mold to function without anyinterference from any other operating element. This enables an increa:edproduction to be obtained in a manner not possible in the well-knownintermittently rotated table type of machine.

The inventionfurther obviates the objections inherent in the use ofintermittently rotated types of bottle making machines with respect tothe great amount of power required for starting and h stopping rotationof the tables at frequent intervals with the shock incident to thestopping.

With an intermittent machine there are also periods wherein the partlyfinished suspended parison is distorted due to its tendency to sway awayfrom the circular path of the rotating table. Where such a distortiontakes place, the blank does not again regain its true verticalalignment, with the result that-when the transfer to the blow mold iseffected and the parison blown to finished form, the bottles are ofunequal thickness and poorly made. In a machine in accord ance with thepresent invention there is no rotation, and consequently the suspendedparison remains in a truly vertical line with the glass uniformlydistributed about its own axis, thereby .35 box I19 opposite that fromwhich the shaft I III

